Nuremberg Laws

Nuremberg Laws
   The death of President Paul von Hindenburg in August 1934 removed the last restraint on Adolf Hitler’s efforts to remove the Jews from German life. While Hindenburg was alive, he insisted that Jewish war veterans be exempted from the increasing civil disabilities that affected Jewish life in Germany. Following Hindenburg’s death, Hitler assumed a new role as both chancellor and president of Germany as a result of the 1934 plebiscite that gave him 88 percent of the vote. Hitler now offered the Jews one of two choices: either leave Germany or, for those who remained, accept the loss of their citizenship and a segregated place in the Third Reich. The problem arising from these objectives was to determine who was a Jew and what constituted membership in the Jewish community. On 15 September 1935, the Nuremberg Laws were decreed at a special session of the Reichstag summoned to Nuremberg during the annual Nazi Party rally in that city.
   The special session produced two laws that became the basis for the exclusion of Jews from German life. The Reich Citizenship Law declared that only Germans or people “of related blood” could be citizens of Germany. As a result of the law, Jews lost their political rights and were relegated to being subjects of the state. The Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honor prohibited marriage and extramarital intercourse between Jews and Germans. Jews were also prohibited from employing German maids under the age of 45. Although the provision was haphazardly enforced until 1938, Jews were also forbidden to raise the German flag.
   A Jew was defined as someone who descended from at least three Jewish grandparents or from two Jewish parents and belonged to the Jewish religious community on 15 September 1935 or joined the community on a subsequent date or was married to a Jewish person on 15 September 1935 or was the offspring of a marriage contracted with a three-quarter or a full Jew after the Law for the Protection of German Blood and Honor had been implemented or was “the offspring of an extramarital relationship with a three-quarter or full Jew and was born out of wedlock after 31 July 1936.” Not defined as a Jew but counted as Mischlinge, or of mixed Jewish blood, was “any person who [was] descended from two Jewish grandparents but who did not adhere to the Jewish religion on 15 September 1935, and who did not join it at any subsequent time and was not married to a Jewish person on the 15 September date, and who did not marry such a person at any subsequent time.” Such persons were designated as Mischlinges of the first degree. Any person descended from one Jewish grandparent was designated as a Mischlinge of the second degree.
   The Nuremberg Laws had the effect of dividing non-Aryans into categories, Jews and Mischlinges, with the latter excluded from the civil service and the Nazi Party, and restricted to the rank of common soldier. Mischlinges were also prohibited from marrying Germans without official permission.
   See also Ideology.

Historical dictionary of the Holocaust. . 2014.

Игры ⚽ Нужен реферат?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • NUREMBERG LAWS — NUREMBERG LAWS, anti Jewish statutes enacted by Germany on September 15, 1935, marking a major step in clarifying racial policy and removing Jewish influences from Aryan society. These laws, on which the rest of Nazi racial policy hung, were… …   Encyclopedia of Judaism

  • Nuremberg Laws — For the set of research ethics principles for human experimentation, see Nuremberg Code. The Holocaust …   Wikipedia

  • Nuremberg Laws — n. number of anti Semitic laws passed in Nuremberg Germany in 1935 that stripped Jews of their German citizenship and prohibited Aryans from intermarrying with Jews …   English contemporary dictionary

  • Nuremberg Laws —    From 1933 to 1938 the German Nazi Party held rallies in the town of Nuremberg. During the 1935 rally, three decrees were announced, including two on nationality and marriage. They made non Aryans second class citizens and forbade marriage… …   Historical dictionary of the Gypsies

  • Nuremberg — city in northern Bavaria, from Ger. Nürnberg, M.L. Norinberga. Second element is Berg mountain, first element of unknown origin. Associated with the Nazis and site of mass party rallies every September during the Third Reich. The Nuremberg Laws… …   Etymology dictionary

  • Nuremberg Trials — For the 1947 Soviet film about the trials, see Nuremberg Trials (film). The Holocaust …   Wikipedia

  • Nuremberg principles — For the denaturalization of German Jews, see Nuremberg Laws. For the set of research ethics principles for human experimentation, see Nuremberg Code. The Nuremberg principles were a set of guidelines for determining what constitutes a war crime.… …   Wikipedia

  • Nuremberg — Nürnberg redirects here. For other uses, see Nürnberg (disambiguation). Nürnberg Nuremberg …   Wikipedia

  • Nuremberg Code — For the set of guidelines for determining what constitutes a war crime, see Nuremberg Principles. For the denaturalization of German Jews, see Nuremberg Laws. The Nuremberg Code is a set of research ethics principles for human experimentation set …   Wikipedia

  • Nuremberg Rally — Adolf Hitler speaking at the 1933 Nuremberg Rally. The Nuremberg Rally (officially …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”